Frag Out! Magazine
Issue link: https://fragout.uberflip.com/i/1532587
Table No. 1 Structural Requirements for Fortified Command Posts According to Resolution 5/85 of the National Defense Committee (Author's Compilation) Table No. 2 Resistance Levels for Defensive Structures It is evident that both state and military facilities were designed with resistance to conventional and unconventional weapons in mind, including direct hits. The categorization of these structures was essentially an implementation of the principle discussed in this article: different levels of protection depending on function and the people being safeguarded. Civil defense shelters, however, were not designed to withstand direct hits from conventional weapons; instead, they were meant to protect against the effects of nuclear weapons. Keep in mind that the late 1980s was the peak of the Cold War, with each side possessing over 10,000 nuclear warheads. Civil defense shelters were meant to shield occupants from blast waves (shock waves) with pressures ranging from 0.05 MPa to 0.3 MPa, debris, and ceiling penetration by falling structural elements from buildings above them. Should these protection standards, set out in the afore- referred documents, be copied 1:1 and applied today? Considering the lessons from the war in Ukraine and the evolution of modern weaponry, the answer is both yes and no. Item no. Protection level category MPa Neutron weapon (K min) Conventional weapons (kg)* 2 I 1 20 000 1000 3 II 0.5 10 000 500 4 III 0.3 6 000 250 5 IV 0.2 4 000 250 6 1 V 0.05 + 0.1 Objects adapted to become a Control Post *HE Bomb, concrete-piercing A level lower in resistance were the facilities described in CHEM 330/85, which also included additional requirements such as resistance to incendiary weapons, pressure levels maintained at different times during shelter operation, or the necessity of independent water supplies - and other, similar matters. 0-1 Individual arrangements www.fragoutmag.com