Frag Out! Magazine
Issue link: https://fragout.uberflip.com/i/1258433
Business Sector in Security Management Designing and implementing a security system that would constitute an integral portion of the given area is a task that requires the involvement of experts de- aling with multiple domains. Their work hours need to be managed well, so that implementation of the given project is possible even in dangerous conditions (for in- stance, in conflict areas or in districts that lack police supervision). Operations as such are carried out by non-state busi- ness actors that can be perceived as entities between Private Security/Private Military Companies and con- sulting companies. On one hand, the experience of interdisciplinary teams is put into use (coming from domains including urban planning and development, environmental studies, law, anthropology, sociology, ci- vil engineering, architecture and so one). On the other hand, the power projection element makes it possible to assess the kinetic threat and counteract that thre- at on site. This is especially pronounced during high- -risk operations. PSC/PMC businesses are the contemporary and most advanced form of the mercenaries. As the mercenaries as we knew them no longer exist, with massive national armed forces taking over their place, and with a fur- ther modification of legal framework driven to abolish the mercenaries as an entity, the demand for services as such, related to warfare, got a market response from private entities that have been in existence since the 1960s. One of the initiatives as such took on a form of the Watch Guard International founded by Col. David Sterling and a SAS veterans. Facing the increasingly more convoluted nature of the military equipment and the growing requirements of training, know-how, and expertise possessed by the experienced soldiers are becoming priceless. Serving one's nation is a privilege but also, quite often, a nuisance. And, when it comes to pay, the service usu- ally entails a low pay. Hence, the emergence of a solu- tion that makes it possible to utilize the knowledge of the veterans and to gather the best experts together, within an undertaking that may be perceived as a busi- ness entity. A similar assumption was made by the CIA leadership that established the In-Q-Tel in 1999. When one tries to differentiate the business en- tities in the security domain, 5 categories can be listed: ÄPrivate Combat Company – enterprises ac- ting as private armies that possess a strategic opera- tional capability - this phenomenon is not present in our times. Example: Executive Outcomes, founded in South Africa and employing the South African policemen (inc- luding the Koevoet members), Rhodesian, Portuguese, South African troops, and special services agents (Ci- vil Cooperation Bureau). Within the framework of its business activities, alongside the experienced military personnel, that business also had Mi-24 and Mi-8 he- licopters, BMP-2 IFVs, T-72 MBTs, and MiG-23 fighter at its disposal. Executive Outcomes' activities in Ango- la (acting against UNITA) and in Sierra Leone (winning the fight against the RUF and taking over Freetown) could be interpreted as an extension of the policy pur- sued by South Africa. Despite the high effectiveness, this created a sudden response from the international community, and this, in turn, resulted in the imposition of major limitations on the activities of that business. The functioning of organizations as such was made pos- sible thanks to a clearly defined geopolitical concept, with the Armed Forces being weak, guerilla warfare being present, human resources being available, and parallel events in other parts of the world, gaining the attention of the international community. EO has been the prerequisite for the organization depicted in the „Blood Diamond" movie. PCC companies are the most specialized segment of the security market. They can independently conduct combat ops, leaving the support and logistics-related activities to the PMC entities. Briefly speaking, PCCs constitute an asset that is capable of being rapidly deployed and of creating a detachment in the area of operations. The PCCs can also deter the potential ag- gressor, engage the adversary in combat, or create a buffer zone between the opposing sides. Entities as such have fire support assets of their own, they also exhibit a high degree of tactical maneuverability and supply chain. They also usually have a clear mandate to act, being a counterbalance to multinational, slow, under-equipped, and under-trained UN forces. This has been especially pronounced in Africa. ÄPrivate Military Company – the best known militarized enterprises in the security market. Busi- nesses as such are dealing with the delivery of complex training services. They also supply equipment, maintain the supply chain, or conduct combat operations. They function as support for the customer's armed forces. Contrary to PCCs, the operations are not conducted independently, as PMCs are usually embedded within the existing chain of command. Structures as such www.fragoutmag.com